Data Transfer Systems Essay -- Communication, Infrastructure

Data transfer systems are divided into conducted media and wireless media. Cellular teleph unitarys are only one types of appliances which depend on radio waves to successfully operate. Because cell phones belong to the wireless manufacture, it is not possible to organize suitable standards. Current business theories cannot organize and predict dynamic industries, much(prenominal) as the wireless industry, because several companies in the industry coexist and evolve together, so they inevitably affect each other and form irregular try patterns on the market (Seo & Mak, 2010). The current progress in advancement of cellular telephone technology does not allow cell phones to use only one protocol standard because it is economically inefficient and technically impossible.The communication infrastructure is crucial to national well-being, but competitiveness and monopolization tendencies require regulations to keep the industry productive (Wu, 2006). While Wu (2006) supports rules and regulations that will control discrimination and monopoly in the industry, it is not possible to remove diversity by...

Stolen :: essays research papers

Jimmy and cherry be the most obvious victims in Stolen, but all told suffer in their different ways. Discuss The most obvious victims in a tragedy comparable the Stolen generation are those in whom the pain and throe endured is visible to all. Jane Harrisons Stolen presents flushed and Jimmy as the most obvious victims but not necessarily the abundantest, as may be naively assumed. The be characters, Anne, Shirley and Sandy all suffer huge depths of despair, yet their suffering appears to lessen to some degree in the eyes of the viewer/reader due to their hope, finale and stability which in some ways assist them in attempting to resolve their problems and become reunited with their loved ones. The physical and sexual abuse experienced by Ruby and Jimmy is horrifying and obviously very visible to others. The loss that Ruby and Jimmy suffered was a loss of dignity and to the extent that they were both unable to support fighting I just cant fight no more or hold on to any hope of reuniting with their families because their pain was too great they stuck a knife into me heart The children were deceived with the hopes of being cared for matron said theyre gunna take one of us home and when they understood the truth they were disheartened and lost in silence I promised not to tell Jimmy and Ruby both led very tragic lives by the closing scene of the play, implying that perhaps they are the greatest sufferers because of their obvious pain. Jimmy the playful young boy has had his heart ripped apart by the hope Im finally gunna meet my puzzle of finally reconnecting with his mum and the despair of her death, and takes his own life as a melancholy eccentric prison inmate Im going now, to be with my mother Unlike Jimmy, Ruby has the chance to be with her family again, Sis, weve come to take you home but her mental and emotional state is beyond repair afterwards the damage done to her, dont live in no home anymore In Rubys family come to visit it appears Ruby is inevitably set to live a lonely and disjointed lifeif she continues to even have the strength or will to live. A victim of loss, like Ruby, Shirley speaks on behalf of both children and mothers who have lost the family because of the welfare system.

Taste of Honey by Shelagh Delaney :: Taste Honey Shelagh Delaney

Taste of Honey by Shelagh Delaney I am going to exempt how Shelagh Delaney presents the changingfacets of Jos fictional character. The play was written in the 1950s and wasfirst performed in 1958.The play is about a girl and her mother move to a grubby flat and areawith no men in their life, but all changes when Helen meets Peter andJo meet Boy. Then Jo gets pregnant with the black boy, and then meetsand shares a flat with Geof, a young homosexual. He takes and the roleas caring and protecting Jo and they get on well. Geof brings Helenback to visit Jo, and Helen kicks Geof out.Jos is the main character in the play she is the daughter of Helen.She falls for a man called Jimmie who is in the navy, and then hemakes her pregnant and goes way leaving her with this black baby. Thenshe meets Geof who takes on the role of caring for Jo, and then bringsback her mother and he leaves. At the beginning of the play Jo is organized, capable and critical ofher mother, we know because she says Yo ure knocking it trounce thanever. This makes us think that Helen has a drinking problem in thepast. Also in Act one scene one Jo shows she is organized by saying Im going to unpack my bulbs. I wonder where I can out them. Then shechanges when she meets Peter and becomes more(prenominal) jealous, quarrelsome andannoying. When Helen leaves Jo becomes more resentful and feels hurtand unloved. When she meets Jimmie she becomes much more flirtatiouswe know this because she says to him in the play glad you like it.Its my schoolgirl complexion. She also becomes coy and likes the heed when she meets Jimmie.The play writer use dramatic devices to show the changes in Jo well,as in when she has quarrels and fights between the other characters.In the 1980s it was not common to be a single parent family, andBritain was not a multicultural society. Jo changes though the playone example of this is her opinion on poor housing. At the protrude ofthe play she say And I dont like it expressing her self about the

A Comparison of Runes and Magic in Beowulf and in Anglo-Saxon England :: comparison compare contrast essays

Runes and Magic in Beowulf and in Anglo-Saxon England In the Old English poem Beowulf we see the mention of runes, which were used with connotations of magic or charms. Examining evidence from historic times, we find that early Englishmen were fully conversant with the Germanic runic alphabet and that runes did confound special connotations. In Beowulf the hero is in deadly combat with Grendels mother in the mere. He is at the point of being killed by the giant star when suddenly God shows to him the presence of a special sword nearby on the wall. Beowulf seizes the giant weapon and kills the monster. Then that sword had begun to melt in battle-bloody icicles that it dissolve away was as much a marvel as ice itself when the Father unwinds the bonds of frost, loosens the freezing chains of water, Who keeps the power of times and seasons He is the true God. . . . already the sword had melted away, its blade had burned up too hot the blood of the poisonous spiri t who had died within. . . . the wave-sword burned up, quenched in that blood. . . . then the quaint gold hilt was placed in the hand of the gray-bearded king, wise war-leader old work of giants after the fall of devils it came into the hands of the lord of the Dane-men, from magic smithies once the fierce spirit, considerable Gods opponent, guilty creature, and his murderous mother had quitted this world, it came to the power of the best overlord between the two seas, of all world-rulers in Scandanavia who gave good apprizes. Hrothgar spoke, examined the hilt, great treasure of old. There was engraved the origin of past strife, when the flood drowned, the pouring ocean killed the race of giants. . . . On its bright gold facings there were also runes set dash off in order, engraved, inlaid, which told for whom the sword was first worked, its hair-keen edges, twisted gold scrolled in the hilt, the woven snake-blade(1605ff). Chickering in his Commentary wou ld have us believe that the melting sword is a reference to patristic theology, to St.

Aurora- Light of Mystery Essay -- Papers

Aurora- Light of Mystery Text Box This shuttle image shows the feature film oval shape of the aurora.i What is aurora? Auroras, or polar hearty-defineds, are the luminous phenomenon of the upper atmosphere occurs in high latitudes of both cerebral hemispheres. Auroras in the northern hemisphere are called aurora borealis and those in the south hemisphere are called aurora australis. Aurora (Latin for dawn) is beautiful and amazing lights which are visible in the dark flick in the poles. It can appear as many different strivings, but usually it is a greenish quivering glow near the horizon. In 1621 the bound aurora was coined by the French astronomer. More and more observations were done and a concrete description was archived soon afterwards. Many theories were developed this phenomenon. Some suggested that it was the reflection of sunlight of artic light and some believed it was the firelight at the edge of the world however both hypotheses are rejected because it was found that aurora was found 100-400km above the earth surface which is well beyond the atmosphere. Around the 17th century it has been discovered that it is caused by the interaction between energetic plasma particles from outside atmosphere with atoms of higher atmosphere. Till now, non all the questions about aurora have been answered, but with the escalating astronautic technology, we have a much better understanding on this puzzling phenomenon. How does aurora form? At every moment the sun is giving out charged particles in solar wind. Some of these particles are captured by the earth magnetic bailiwick and the bombardment of the solar wind with the atmospheric particles... ...aurora_e/index.html The Exploration of the Earths Magnetosphere. http//www-istp.gsfc.nasa.gov/Education/wmap.html Learning about Aurora. http//sprg.ssl.berkeley.edu/cyclopi/lesson1.html Applied physics laboratory site. http//www.jhuapl.edu/newsce nter/pressreleases/1998/auroras.htm NASA website. http//www-istp.gsfc.nasa.gov/ Web Exhibits site. http//webexhibits.org/ Britannica Online. http//www.britannica.com/ Hyperphysics. http//hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hph.html Evaluation on preference My source information comes from books, journals and internet. The information about most topics is quite consistent except the formation of voltage drop in the aurora acceleration region. in that location are many theories explaining the phenomenon, but I only concentrated on the two main ones.

Aurora- Light of Mystery Essay -- Papers

Aurora- Light of Mystery Text Box This shuttle image shows the characteristic oval compose of the dawn.i What is aurora? Auroras, or polar lights, are the luminous phenomenon of the upper atmosphere occurs in high latitudes of both hemispheres. Auroras in the northern hemisphere are called aurora borealis and those in the south hemisphere are called aurora australis. Aurora (Latin for dawn) is beautiful and amazing lights which are visible in the dark sky in the poles. It slew appear as some(prenominal) different forms, but usually it is a greenish quivering glow near the horizon. In 1621 the term aurora was coined by the cut astronomer. More and more observations were done and a concrete description was archived soon afterwards. Many theories were developed this phenomenon. Some suggested that it was the reflection of sunlight of artic light and some believed it was the firelight at the edge of the world however both hypotheses are rejected becau se it was found that aurora was found 100-400km above the earth surface which is well beyond the atmosphere. just about the 17th century it has been discovered that it is caused by the interaction between energetic plasma particles from outside atmosphere with atoms of higher atmosphere. Till now, not all the questions about aurora have been answered, but with the escalating astronautic technology, we have a much better understanding on this puzzling phenomenon. How does aurora form? At both moment the sun is giving out charged particles in solar wind. Some of these particles are captured by the earth magnetic field and the bombardment of the solar wind with the atmospheric particles... ...aurora_e/index.html The Exploration of the Earths Magnetosphere. http//www-istp.gsfc.nasa.gov/Education/wmap.html Learning about Aurora. http//sprg.ssl.berkeley.edu/cyclopi/lesson1.html Applied physics laboratory site. http//www.jhuapl.edu/newscenter/pressrele ases/1998/auroras.htm NASA website. http//www-istp.gsfc.nasa.gov/ Web Exhibits site. http//webexhibits.org/ Britannica Online. http//www.britannica.com/ Hyperphysics. http//hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/hph.html Evaluation on resource My source instruction comes from books, journals and internet. The information about most topics is quite consistent except the formation of voltage drop in the aurora acceleration region. There are many theories explaining the phenomenon, but I only concentrated on the two main ones.

Mats Ek Essay

IntroductionIn this essay I will present single of the greatest choreographers of the twentieth century, Mats Ek. I will describe his specific stylistic pillowcaseistics, themes and dance style bringing as examples some of his most alpha re-adapted works such as Giselle, hurtle Lake and Sleeping Beauty.Life and careerMats Ek was born in Malmo, Sweden on the 18 of April 1945. He came from a very cultur aloney active background he was the son of a famous Swedish actor Anders Ek and the internationally recognized choreographer Birgit Cullberg, founder and director of the Cullberg ballet, his sister Malin was an actress and his brother Niklas a dancer. Mats Ek started his dance studies (Martha Graham technique) with Doya Feur in 1962 alongside with drama studies. In 1965 he became a full time drama student at the Marie College but few years later he returned to dance training at the Stockholm Ballet Academy. His initiatory theatrical working experience began as the producer and th en director of the Puppet dramatics in Stockholm. During the season 1980-1981, he was associated with the Nederland Dans Theater as dancer as well as choreographer. Few years later he joined the Cullberg Ballet as a dancer and in 1985 he became the exquisite director of it, he directed the company for eight years. He left it in 1993 world replaced from Lidstrom and Wennergren Juras.Re-making of the ballet classicsOver ten years ago I saw it(Giselle) for the first time- with Makarova. She was really gripped me. Already then, I thought the traditional story of Giselle contains earthly concerny another(prenominal) hidden possibilities which are not recognized. thither are various trails leading inside, but they are not utilized. They lie fallow or else are power over(Ek, Mats interviewed by Tegeder, Ulrich. Create characters, special people. Ballet International,5,198319)Mats Ek is a very innovative choreographer of his time, the post modern era. Postmodernism is a movement that r ebels against traditional ideas. Mats Ek is an active man of his time fully absorbed by the rebellion that was happening those years. This new ideas incite him to rebel against the traditional ballet classics radically modifying them and giving his own commentary of them. only of his works are still narrative works but thestoryline of all the ballets is updated.The investigation of narrative alleys,epic paths and metaphorical tunnels is what provides the primary stimulus for re-telling those stories by creating new dances(Giannandrea Poesio, leaping Times, October 2003 page 23)His alternative storylines are pure reality not fairytales, he is not interested in abstract concepts, he castrate the conventional viewpoint putting on stage actual themes. He gives the audience a taste of contemporary reality.A fairytale is a angelic little cottage, but on the door you thunder mug read Explosive Mats EkThe most famous ballets he reinterpreted are traditional ballets such as Giselle (19 82), Swan Lake (1987) and Sleeping Beauty (1996).GiselleMats Eks Giselle is something completely different from Perrots master version. The character of the young Giselle is completely flipped over she is not the sixteen years aged(prenominal) innocent girl but a passionate and sexual active woman. In Giselle in event, Ek introduces and shows sexuality and love seen such a sexual one and not a romantic one anyto a greater extent.(https//secure.staatsoper.de/)Swan LakeA lonely, somewhat weaker than the-average-Prince-Siegfried, who questions his sexuality (think Oedipus complex) and his mothers open issues in attempting to marry him to someone except like herself. The Prince encountersandrogynous creatures, swans that waddle through the ground rather than the graceful water creatures that we know from Petipa/Ivanov. (http//www.theballetbag.com/2012/07/13/mats-ek-biography/)(http//www.criticaldance.com/reviews/2002/cullberg_swanlake-021023.html)Sleeping BeautyThe teenager Princess Aurora go in love with the wrong guy and ends up in a drug-induced coma. Carabosse appears as a drug dealer and tempts Aurora into pricking her finger with the be crop. At Auroras birth the fairies are maternity nurses and later they are pop culture characters out of a TV show, while the Prince is a spectator.(http//www.theballetbag.com/2012/07/13/mats-ek-biography/)Ek has made an astounding break from the Sleeping Beauty we know and love, leaving not a single stone of Petipas edifice standing, renouncing all the choreographic gems cut by the imperial jeweller of the Tsarist ballet(Vollmer, Horst. Irreverently Classical Mats Ek stages Sleeping Beautywith the Hamburg Ballet. Ballet International,7,199619)Trnrosa GteborgsOperans Balett(http//www.danzaballet.com/?p=3497)There are also some works that seem not to follow a precise storyline like Smoke (1995) or Appartement (1999) but they stinkert be described as abstract works because oh their strong content.Stylistic elements of h is choreographyMats Ek choreography has two main characteristic elements clarity and irony. All of his choreographies have a direct and immediate message, really easy to understand by the audience. With the new version of the traditionalballets in fact Ek wants to go genuine to the point in the shortest time possible opposing his works to the articulate and often ambiguous traditional ballets. Clarity is the choreographers key word, as conflicting to what he calls the ambiguity of the conventions and the clich of classical ballet, clarity, however, should not be mistaken of simplicity. In both Giselle and Swan Lake there lies beneath an accessible, straightforward dramatic grammatical kink an intricate amalgam os loving, political, cultural and literary references(Fifty Contemporary choreographers) Another important element of Eks choreography, as the quote above suggests, is the dramatic construction of his works. Ek does not just present dramatic situations to the audience but he creates all around an atmosphere of irony.Irony is a characteristic element of Eks choreography, in which strong images and dramatic situations often argumentation with brief, humorous episodes(Fifty Contemporary choreographers second edition)Even amidst the darkest and most poignant moments of a not-so-happy-ending situation, he manages to insert fire-cracking cockeyed sections or references that enhance greatly the dramatic build up by creating a unique game of contrasts and choreographic chiaroscuro(Giannandrea Poesio, Dancing Times, October 2003 page 25)Clear examples can be found in Giselle and Swan Lake The two male peasants comic duet in front of Albrecht fiance just before the arrival of the noble and the end of the act in Giselle. The three jesters dances just before the end of the lack scene in Swan Lake. These comic episodes are introduced with great might every time a dramatic situation reaches its climax.ThemesPolitical, social, racial and sexual concerns inform ed Eks first three creations, Kalfaktorn (1976), St George and the Dragon (1976) and Soweto (1977) psychological themes and gender issues vie a part in both House of Bernarda Alba (1978) and Antigone (1979) long before Giselle and Swan Lake (Fifty Contemporary choreographers second edition)The main interest of the choreographer is to explore the homo psychological scienceand the human relationships.In reworking ballet classics, Eks creed is to render the characters alive, providing a clear description of their inner emotions and contrasts. The psychological characterization of the role is thus enlarged the characters relationships and their emotional response to the development of the action are considered in greater depth (Fifty Contemporary choreographers second edition)There are various examples of different human relationships in Eks worksMan/Woman in Smoke.In Smoke Mats Ek shows the relationship between a man and a woman (Niklas Ek and Sylvie Guillem). all(prenominal) of t hem has his/her own life as expressed in their respective solos. They meet and mingle tenderly and violently in two pas de deux. The smoke which comes from their clothes and mouths expresses their communication.(http//nycdancestuff.wordpress.com/2012/04/09/smoke-by-mats-ek-imz-dance-screen-award-1996-with-niklas-sylvie-guillem/)Family relationships (parent/ child) in Swan Lake as Prince Siegfried are given an oedipal complex or in Sleeping Beauty when Aurora turns against herparents. Close to this is the very theme of motherhood that is explored many another(prenominal) times as well as the one about gender issues in his works. In Giselle, for example, the only activity conducted by the women is giving birth as the eggs brought on stage by the peasant woman seem to suggest. Gender issues are overall explored in The house of Bernarda Alba (1980) since the main character is performed by a man and in Carmen where the main character seems to be practically more than masculine than he r man. Ek is, once again, fighting against traditions he rebels against the traditional way of characterizing by stylized movements man and woman on stage. Ballet pieces tend to prefer some movements to be performed by female dancers and different ones by males. Ek instead tries to chase the boundaries of given gender-specific movements, finding that really interesting (Ek,Mats in Jensen,Gunilla, Intervista a Mats Ek, Reggio Emilia Danza Edizioni del teatro municipale Valli,2002, p.38)The movement language usefully opens up gender binaries leading to much more contemporary settleations of man and woman. He exposes complexities of gender by inverting the far more conventional, steryotiped and idealised figures of traditional ballet(Midgelow Vida, Reworking texts- inverting bodies, Mats Ek radically reconceived the classics, Ballet Theatre Journal)Rich and poor people in Giselle. In this work Ek introduces the social theme of class differentiation. Giselle, completely in love with p rince Albrecht who is clearly from a different social class, attempts to transgress the social rules. Finally she will be punished and rejected from her and Albrechts social class.White and black in Soweto (1977). The mechanical dolls endless movements represent the white people prejudices against the blacks. They are repetitive movements and they symbolized the unchangeable ideas of the whites about the black people.Society and outsider in the second act of Giselle. Giselle is banished fromher social class and confine into the mental hospital. This is a clear example of the society oppression. Giselle is banished because mentally disable and considered unable to find her place into the society again.(https//secure.staatsoper.de/922 -spielplanballettveranstaltungenvorstellung.html)Movement VocabularyMats Ek choreography is a totally new and innovative choreography. It is based on contemporary techniques. Ek gives much more importance to the body weight so his steps look more ground ed and heavy. The dancers make a very good use of the floor. His movement language is really particular, there is a fluid use of the torso in contrast with the lower part of the body that is usually bend (bend knees). Very interesting is the constant research of opposition between inwards and outwards movements. The dancer seems first to perform a movement that reaches out from his bodys centre that ends being suddenly pulled back. Eks movement language reflect his themes and narrative intention, it goes against the original movements of the classical ballet.Eks choreography inverts the traditional language of the ballet, he eschews ballet codes. He leaves behind the conventions of gendered vocabularies and the structured hierarchy of the pas de deux in favour of more divers(prenominal) representations(Midgelow Vida, Reworking texts- inverting bodies, Mats Ek radically reconceived the classics, Ballet Theatre Journal)A clear example is given by the swans in Swan Lake. In the tradit ional ballet in fact swans are seen as beautiful and ethereal animals perfectly synchronized with each other in every movement. Eks swans instead are a set of independent earthly creatures that cross the stage with weighty gallops and stamping feet (Midgelow, Vida).(http//www.cullbergbaletten.se/en/history)ReferencesMats Eks experience in different art form really helped to develop his choreography. Mats Ek is not just a dancer but also an actor and puppeteer. In some of the choreographers works there are some clear references to literature. Ek seems to be strongly linked to the famous dramatis William Shakespeare. For example the relationship between Prince Siegfried and his mother can remind us the one between Hamlet and Gertrude.Influences and musesHis mother, Birgit Cullberg, was the most important Eks influence. He dedicated a whole work to her Old Children (1989). He learned a lot from her while he was sharing with her the artistic leadership of the Cullberg Ballet. There are lot of common themes between the two of them but different stylistic characteristics. Birgits style in fact was much more closer to balletic style.The attention to psychological characterization, the sensitive portrayal of human feelings, the juxtaposition of strong images and humorous episodes can be seen as characteristic attributes of both Cullbergs and Eks creations(Poesio,Giannandrea. Fifty Contemporary Choreographers)(https//birgit+cullberg&oq=birgit+cullberg&gs)Ana Laguna, Eks wife, is the inspiring muse of the choreographer. She originated Giselle character, the Swan Queen in Swan Lake and the protagonist in Carmen. The character of Giselle would have never been born without Ana Laguna (Giannandrea Poesio)Ana Laguna, Mikhail Baryshnikov and Mats Ek(http//dansportalen.se/111/-fler-artiklar/nyhetsarkiv/1-23-2010-lena-andren-)Another great dancer who inspired him was Sylvie Guilleme. Ek created for her three works Smoke, Wet Woman and Bye.ConclusionI enjoyed so much writing th is essay. I think Mats Ek is an absolute genius, his choreographies are brilliant original and innovative. I love his reinterpretations of the three ballet classics, and his choreographic style. The movement vocabulary is unconventional and provocative. He is a choreographer simple and in its clarity and spontaneity we recognized his greatness. The messages arrive immediately to the audience, we do not need any explications or help to understand what the choreographer wants to say we just need to seat and enjoy the performance.BibliographyBookMartha Bremser, Lorna Sanders. Fifty Contemporary Choreographers, Routledge Taylor. London and New York 2011. Accessed on 8th of April 2013 ArticlesPesio, Giannandrea. Mats Ek. The Dancing Times, October 2003. p 22. Accessed on the 12th of April 2013Midgelow, Vida, Reworking texts-inverting bodies, Dancer Theatre Journal 15(2) 1999. p 4-7. Accessed on the 12th of April 2013 Jensen Gunilla, Mats Ek and the Cullberg Ballet, the Dancing Times. Aug ust 1997,p 993. Accessed on the 13th of April 2013

China Environmental Pollution Control Essay

Report overviewResearch Beam adds a name titled Environmental Pollution Control Equipment Markets in China that provides latest market trends and opportunities. The report offers detailed analysis of the Environmental Pollution Control Equipment Markets.Chinas demand for environmental pollution control equipment has grown at a close pace in the past decade. In the next five years, both production and demand will continue to grow. This new study examines Chinas economic trends, investment environment, industry development, supply and demand, industry capacity, industry structure, marketing channels and major industry participants. Historical data (2002, 2007 and 2012) and long-term forecasts through 2017 and 2022 be presented. Major producers in China are profiled.Complete report is available at http//www.researchbeam.com/environmental-pollution-control-equipment-in-china-marketTable of contentsI. INTRODUCTIONReport Scope and Methodologyexecutive SummaryII. BUSINESS ENVIRONMENTEcon omic OutlookKey Economic IndicatorsIndustrial gross salesPopulation and LaborForeign InvestmentForeign hatfulFinancial and Tax RegulationsBanking System and RegulationsForeign ExchangeTaxes, Tariff and Custom DutiesTo Get Purchase Enquiry of Report http//www.researchbeam.com/environmental-pollution-control-equipment-in-china-market/purchase-enquiryIII. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION chasteness EQUIPMENT assiduity ASSESSMENTSEnvironmental Pollution Control Equipment Industry OverviewIndustry Structure and CompositionMarket SizeMarket Growth DriversIV. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT sales AND DEMANDOverviewEnvironmental Pollution Control Equipment Industry OutlookEnvironmental Pollution Control Equipment Sales and DemandAir Pollution Control Equipment Sales and DemandAir Pollution Control Equipment SalesForeign TradeAir Pollution Control Equipment Market Demand and OutlookPricing courseWater Pollution Control Equipment Sales and DemandWater Pollution Control Equipment SalesF oreign TradeV. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT foodstuff OUTLOOKEnvironmental Pollution Control Equipment Markets Outlook OverviewIndustrial Sales by RegionNortheastNorthSoutheastSouthwestNorthwestVI. marketing STRATEGIESDistribution System in ChinaChinas Distribution SystemEnvironmental Pollution Control Equipment Distribution ChannelsTransportation and weight InfrastructureCommunicationsMarket Entry ChannelsExporting to ChinaExport Market OverviewChinese Trading PracticeVII. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT PRODUCER DIRECTORYEnvironmental Pollution Control Equipment Producer ProfilesDistributorsTrading CompaniesResearch Institutions and AssociationsGet Enquiry About Reporthttp//www.researchbeam.com/environmental-pollution-control-equipment-in-china-market/enquire-about-report

Most prized possesion Essay

Out of each the material items I possess, I would gull to call my first car my unity true prized possession. Veronica, as I often refer to her is rusty black and has more than a few bruises. fair much a replica of the stereotypical teenagers first car. Possessions give care these often are seen as junk to the rest of the world, but in one persons heart it persists an invaluable treasure. For myself, I was lucky enough to find that one hidden gem in a 1998 Ford Contour. In my eyes it allow be forever priceless because it is not the exterior value of the car that matters, but the long road of visit it has carried me on. My car has taught me more than I expected in such a short time, but above all it has given me memories, a feeling of responsibility, and taught me that inviolable work pays off.As with most material items, certain memories tend to latch onto the object and are able to transport one back to a let out time and place just by looking at it. Even though it is only a year old (at least in my possession), it seems as if it already carries a lifetime of memories. It treated me well through a timeless summer, the final summer before college becomes a true reality. Car rides modify with music pulsing, friends laughing, and road trips taken will never be forgotten. It has seen its share of sandy beaches and bright blues skies, as well as torrential downpours and even has never failed me once.If I ever needed to push away from my sometimes chaotic and frustrating household, the car has allowed me to finally have some form of bilk after eighteen long years. So this car has quite literally been with me through everything in this past year, and I will always remember it for the granting immunity it has granted me for the first time in my life. It even holds promises of even better memories in the future. I can almost guarantee things are going to get hectic at times and circumstances are going to change more than once, but through it all my car wi ll remain the one constant. The tangible mass that is the car is enough to remind me of all I went through to finally get to this point in my life. This fact is what makes my car so special, because no price tag can be put on an unforgettable memory.The newfound responsibility that this car has given me also is what makes itinvaluable. Owning something monumental like a vehicle comes with a certain sense of pride and self-accomplishment, but that same feeling can be taken away in an inst if you do not act responsibly. The freedoms that come with a car unfortunately do not come without their restrictions. There are state laws, parking rules, and plausibly most important, the parental rules. If these limitations are not taken seriously, many young drivers will find that their feeling of independence is short lived, myself included. I have larn that a great deal of austere work and effort can all be a waste of time if you dont remain responsible after you have reached your goal. On e must become independent and own up to their actions, whether good or bad. This new characteristic of responsibility will carry on to all other aspects of my life and I can thank my experience as a car owner for that.Finally, my car has taught me a valuable lesson of dedication that I will never forget. Never before had I worked so hard to get something that I wanted. Without help from my parents to pay for a car, I spent months and months of job hours busing tables to pay for something I could call my own. Two thousand five hundred dollars later, for the first time in my life I have something that is 100% mine. This feeling of pride and ownership is something I truly value, a feeling I would have never experienced without the vehicle. This over year-long handle of saving money and doing hard, manual labor has taught me a lesson that has always seemed abstract up to this point in my life. The car is now tangible proof to me that hard work eventually does pay off and has its reward s if you stay dedicated. It is this lesson that will always stick with my car and with myself and is what makes it one of my prized possessions.In all reality, I know I wont have the same car for the rest of my life. Eventually I will move on to bigger and better things, as all people seem to do in this new world, and my car will become just another piece of junk on the side of the road. This doesnt mean the memories and lessons the car has given me will become any less important. They will forever remain special in my mind and even though the car wont be there to remind me of them, I will take these lessons with me wherever I go.

Cyclone Devastates Australia’s Banana Crop Essay

Cyclone Larry destroyed approximately $300 worth bananas crop which is 90% of the production at Queensland. The fall in egress and un potpourrid demand leave alone result in a shift of the supply curve to the left resulting in an increase of the remainder monetary value. The demand depart stay the same however there might be a slight fall in the demand at a later map ascribable to increased footings but in the short run demand remains same. A fall sharp in supply means sum supplied will be less than the quantity demanded of bananas leading to an increase in price as shown in the graph at a lower place.The graph shows the original quantity demanded (D) and supplied (S) with the lap as the grocery store equilibrium at price P1 and quantity Q1, the inward shift of the supply curve to the left with new quantity supplied after the cyclone with a new intersection point representing increased market equilibrium at price P and quantity Q. 2a. Determinants of price grab of bananas The following are some of the factors that affect the snap fastener of demand for bananas Substitutability Since bananas have a large number of substitutes like other fruits, it is inelastic in demand.Proportion of income set centering of low priced seriouss like bananas is low. This means that the demand for bananas grow slowly as income increases as it is very small proportion of the total income earned. Necessity The greater the good is considered a luxury the more elastic it is. Banana is a necessity and is therefore inelastic in nature. Time Consumers need time to adjust to changes in price. In the short run there will no change in demand for bananas but in the long run, consumers might reduce their purchases and sack to other substitutes. 2b.Price Elasticity of Demand before and after Cyclone Larry Cyclone Larry will result in a change in price and a change in the quantity demanded. The price elasticity of demand dismiss be calculated as follows Price elasticity of dem and = Percentage change in quantity demanded Percentage change in price Change in price and quantity will not change the percentage change in either the price or the quantity. However quantity demanded in units and price demanded in dollars will be changed. This will not change the price elasticity of demand. 2c. Impact on West Australian Producers RevenueThere will be a shortage in the market for bananas callable to the cyclone and so only West Australian production which comprises of 5% of the total production will be available in the market. No import of bananas is allowed due to biosecurity risks. Since bananas are inelastic in nature the change in quantity demanded is less responsive to changes in price. Total tax revenue (quantity demanded*price) of West Australian makers revenue will increase. A good year bath reduce farm income as the quantity demanded remains same, supply increases and so the price goes down. 3a. Government InterventionGovernments mostly put minimum pri ce floors and restrict imports of agricultural products to support the farmers. Since the elasticity of these products is low, an increase in price raises the total revenue of the farmers. A good bumper year results in an increase in the quantity demanded which leads to a fall in price hence a fall in the revenue earned by farmers. A fall in the production of agricultural products will increase price and therefore the revenue for the West Australian farmers. Farmers in Queensland will their little production at high prices. The government can intervene by either setting price hood or floor.Price Ceiling A price ceiling means that the price of bananas cannot exceed the maximum price set by the government. A price ceiling above the equilibrium price will have no effect, since equilibrium can be attained. A price ceiling to a lower place the new equilibrium will be effective. But it will not be beneficial for farmers as they will be forced to sell at or below the maximum price ceilin g. This will result in excess demand. The graph below shows the effect of establishing a price ceiling below the market price. Price Floor A minimum price floor means that the banana growers cannot sell at a price below the price set by the government.Bananas will be sold at or above the minimum price established. A price floor that is set at or below equilibrium has no effect because equilibrium can be attained. However, if the price floor is set above equilibrium price, it will be effective. This will be beneficial for the growers but not for the consumers. There will be an excess supply. The following graph shows establishment of a price floor above the market price. 3b. Consequences of Price Floor As shown in the graph above a price floor will result in higher prices. This will be profitable for the banana growers but not for the consumers.In this case the quantity supplied will exceed quantity demanded. The excess demand will have to be taken care of. The government will have t o step in and buy the excess quantity supplied and either store it in the warehouse which will not be feasible since banana is a perishable good or dispose it off. 3c. Should the Government Intervention be supported? The government can step in and subsidize bananas and help the unemployed workers by finding an alternate job for the seven months till new banana crops grow. A price ceiling above the equilibrium should not be supported as it will create the potential for black market.Banana will be bought at the controlled price and sold at the market price. The government can support a price floor which would result in excess supply which can be bought by the government and sold at a lower price. References Samuelson A. , Nordhaus D. (1989). Economics. McGraw-Hill http//www. smh. com. au/news/national/thousands-of-jobs-gone-with bananas/2006/03/20/1142703270076. html Illustrations www. netmba. com/econ/micro/demand/elasticity/price http//www. smh. com. au/news/national/thousands-of-jo bs-gone-with bananas/2006/03/20/1142703270076. html

Globalization & Migration Essay

Globalization is the interconnected web of communications betwixt countries and contrasting cultures including technology, business and culture. Migration is the movement of people into or out of a different country. Migration increases globalization by creating a greater diversity of cultures, different ideas, and increasing the track the economy grows. The internet is one of the biggest global communication systems. In the 1980s, mail order wives were introduced. Men in the US seeking Asian brides could now but go onto the internet and find a wife and communicate with them.Men usually want to marry foreigners because they atomic number 18 viewed as more exotic and mutually beneficial than women raised in the US. Without the internet (aspect of globalization) there wouldnt be communication between US men and their possible spouses. Globalized consumerism also affects the topic of the relationship between globalization and migration. When companies are creating a new product, t hey have to create the design. Once the design is created, the product is made then the company pays for the distribution of the product. The people who grow the products are usually immigrants.They do this because there is a demand for untutored labor in the North and because there is a large supply of unskilled workers in the South who are ready and willing to migrate North. Usually the workers in the South migrate to the North for higher paying jobs. There are great differences in the salary from the South and the salary from the North. In 1995, workers in the US(North) were paid $17. 20 an hour, 71 cents per hour in the Philippines(South), 46 cents per hour in Thailand(South), and 25 cents per hour in China(South).People from third-world countries are also parts of migration and globalization. In 1945, two brothers from Chinantlan, Mexico moved to New York and got jobs mopping floors. As the years passed they pooled their income and started direct the money they saved to the ir hometown. They began an organization where more of their relatives from Chinantlan joined them in New York and sent money back home to improve their community. By 1990, the organization had already sent $2 million each year. This shows that migration can improve third-world countries and their cities.

Controlling Inflation

INTRODUCTION Of the various ills the economy can face, inflation is simultaneously the worst for society as a whole. pretentiousness can be defined as the straddle at which the general aim of prices for goods and services is rising, and, posteriorly, purchasing power is falling (investopedia. com). Inflation is a carry on plus in the general level of prices. Since inflation is concerned with increases in the general level of prices, changes in the price of a single good or service cannot be characterized as inflation.The inflation lay is normally measured by per centage changes in the cost of a basket of consumer goods and services (central buzzword). Inflation in Trinidad has been fluctuating, as stated in the article Inflation rises to 5 per cent, found in the Saturday Guardian on the 27th February, 2010. The article gave the information given in the distinguish done by the exchange Statistical Office it stated that headline inflation rose by 3. 7 per cent in the 12 month s to January 2010 from the 1. 3 per cent a month earlier. Food price inflation rose by 2. per cent on a year on year undercoat in January following a decline of 0. 2 per cent in declination 2009. Core inflation which excludes the impact of food prices, rose to 4. 2 per cent (year on year) in January from 2. 2 per cent in December. On a monthly basis, core inflation rose by 2. 2 per cent in January 2010, following an increase of 0. 1 per cent in December 2009 and three consecutive monthly declines. So we clearly see that inflation is present in the economy, and from the article it is quite unpredictable. What we need to ask ourselves is how we can deal with inflation?What we can do to admit inflation easier? What can the government do what go out the Central Bank do to deal with inflation? THE QUESTION INFLATION IS ON THE RISE, SO WHAT CAN BE DONE BY THE CENTRAL verify OF TRINIDAD AND TOBAGO TO CONTROL INFLATION? LIMITATIONS/ CHALLENGES -My first challenge was that it was quite difficult to find an article that was appropriate, and dealt with the topics being covered this semester. -It was in addition a bit difficult to make sense of the article, and then to find literature to support it.Literature was found but making the link was quite difficult. LITERATURE REVIEW Austrian economists put forward that inflation is by definition always and everywhere simply an increase in the bills supply (i. e. units of currency or means of exchange), which in knock over leads to a higher nominal price level for assets (such as housing) and other goods and services in demand, as the real value of each monetary unit is eroded, loses purchasing power and thus buys fewer goods and services.Ludwig von Mises (cited in Wikiedia, 2010), the seminal scholar of the Austrian School, asserts that Inflation, as this term was always substance abused everywhere and especially in this country, means increasing the quantity of money and bank notes in circulation and the quantity of bank deposits subject to check. But people today use the term inflation to hit to the phenomenon that is an inevitable consequence of inflation, that is the tendency of all prices and wage rates to rise. The result of this deplorable confusion is that there is no term left to signify the start of this rise in prices and wages.There is no longer any word available to signify the phenomenon that has been, up to now, called inflation. . . . As you cannot talk about something that has no name, you cannot fence it. Those who pretend to fight inflation are in fact only fighting what is the inevitable consequence of inflation, rising prices. Their ventures are doomed to failure because they do not attack the root of the evil. They try to keep prices low while firmly committed to a insurance of increasing the quantity of money that mustiness necessarily make them soar.As long as this terminological confusion is not entirely wiped out, there cannot be any question of stopping inflation. Inflation is always and everywhere a monetary phenomenon. Milton Friedman, (1963). Friedman maintained that there is a close and stable association between inflation and the money supply chiefly that the phenomenon of inflation is to be regulated by controlling the amount of money put into the national economy by the Federal Reserve Bank. Friedman rejected the use of fiscal policy as a tool of demand management and he held that the governments role in the guidance of the economy should be restricted severely.Friedman wrote extensively on the Great Depression, which he termed the Great Contraction, arguing that it had been caused by an ordinary financial shock whose duration and seriousness were greatly increased by the subsequent contraction of the money supply caused by the misguided policies of the directors of the Federal Reserve. Inflation and monetary policy are closely related concepts wherein the latter can be used efficiently to reduce the effect of the former. Inflation is thought of as the rise in prices and wages that reduces the purchasing power of money. monetary policy is the polity adopted by the central bank, currency board or other regulatory authority which stabilizes the prices and maximizes production and employment of the country. Inflation is characterized by an increase in the general level of prices for goods and services. As a consequence, the purchasing power of money will fall. Most of the countries in the world try to sustain an inflation rate between 2 and 3 percent. The Fishers equation depicts that proportional relation that exists between money supply and the price level.Monetary policy is a regulation of a central bank or any regulatory authority, which ascertains the size and growth rate of the money supply. Monetary policy directly influences the come to rates which in turn has a negative relation with the price level. In the face of inflation the central bank of the country generally resorts to a rise in the notes res erve ratio, repo rate and reverse repo rate. So the basic idea is to reduce the money supply in the economy. To this end government securities are also issued so as to mop up the excess money supply from the mass. This would reduce aggregate demand.This reduction would again help reduce the price level. Monetary policy is adopted with an objective to make the most of production and employment and consequently stabilize the price level of a country. Monetary policy also regulates the interest rate, availability of credit and at the same time promotes the overall economic growth of a country. Monetary policy facilitates establishing trade relationships with other countries. The Central Bank conducts monetary policy with the objective of maintaining a low and stable rate of inflation, an orderly orthogonal exchange market and an adequate level of foreign exchange reserves.The conduct of monetary policy is influenced significantly by the pace of real economic activity, the fiscal oper ations of the government, capital flows and the operations of the commercial banks. In order to achieve the goals of monetary policy, the Central Banks actions are designed to influence the level of liquidity in the banking system, which indirectly affects the level of interest rates and, ultimately, the overall demand for goods and services in the economy.The Monetary Policy Committee comprising the Governor and Deputy Governor deals with monetary policy matters including the setting of the repo rate which is announced on the first Thursday of each month. The Monetary Policy Support Committee, which is chaired by the Deputy Governor, Research and Policy, and includes senior staff of the Research, Domestic commercialise and Financial Institutions Supervision Departments, provides advice to the Monetary Policy Committee. This information was taken from the central bank of Trinidad and Tobago website.Governments have different areas of policy which they can use to regulate the econom y. here we will look at how they affect inflation. One policy is fiscal policy. Fiscal policy is based upon demand management, i. e. raising or lowering the level of aggregate demand. The most obvious policy is that governments should reduce government expenditure and raise taxes. It should be stated here that this policy will be prospering only against demand inflation. Fiscal policy was the chief counter- inflationary measure in the 1950s and 1960s.One of the reasons for its failure then was the clash of objectives. Another policy is monetary policy. For many years monetary policy was seen as only supplementary to fiscal policy. The Radcliffe reports conclusion, that money is not important, was widened into money does not matter. If m0onetary policy had a role, Keynesians saw it as being through the rate of interest. The monetarist prescription is to control the supply of money. This, as we have seen, was believed to be the only way in which inflation could be controlled. Then t here is the direct intervention prices and income policy.A price and income policy is where the government takes measures to restrict the increase in wages (income) and prices. (Beardshaw, Brewster, Cormack and Ross. 2001, p. 559-62). GLOSSARY OF TERMS CORE INFLATION- The component of measured inflation that has no medium to long-run impact on real output. It is unremarkably derived by omitting volatile changes in the prices of certain items such as food and energy. FISCAL POLICY- refers to the expenditure a government undertakes to provide goods and services and to the way in which the government finances these expenditures.HEADLINE INFLATION- Inflation, as measured by the change in the overall retail prices index, is sometimes called headline inflation. INFLATION- Inflation is a sustained increase in the general level of prices. Since inflation is concerned with increases in the general level of prices, changes in the price of a single good or service cannot be characterized as i nflation. The inflation rate is normally measured by percentage changes in the cost of a basket of consumer goods and services.LIQUIDITY- The level of cash or near cash assets of financial institutions readily available to meet day-to-day transaction needs. REPO RATE- Discount rate at which a central bank repurchases government securities from the commercial banks, depending on the level of money supply it decides to maintain in the countrys monetary system. MOVEMENT OF SELECTED CATEGORIES OF THE INDEX OF RETAIL PRICES /Percentage Change/ MonthlyYear-on-Year December 2009January 2010 December 2009 January 2010 Headline Inflation(0. 1)1. 91. 33. 7 Food Prices(0. 3)1. 3(0. 2)2. 7Bread and Cereals(0. 9)(0. 2)(7. 7)(6. 6) Meat(0. 2) (0. 8)(1. 0)(2. 4) Fish4. 2 3. 23. 7(0. 8) Vegetables (0. 1) (1. 6)(1. 3)1. 0 Fruits0. 4 11. 728. 537. 2 Milk, Cheese & Eggs(0. 4)(0. 1)(10. 2)(9. 7) Oils and Fats(0. 8)0. 3(0. 7)(1. 5) Sugar, Jam, Confectionery, etc0. 2 0. 61. 70. 7 Core Inflation0. 1 2. 22 . 24. 2 Alcoholic Beverages & Tobacco0. 60. 114. 014. 0 Clothing and Footwear0. 10. 7(1. 5)(1. 0) Furnishings, Household Equipment and Routine Maintenance0. 00. 32. 21. 0 Health0. 1 0. 26. 76. 6 Of which Medical Services0. 0 0. 414. 114. 0 Housing, Water, Electricity,Gas & Other Fuels0. 0(0. 1)1. 41. 1 Of which Rent0. 0 4. 22. 86. 5 Home Ownership 0. 0 (0. 8)0. 7(0. 2) Water, Electricity, Gas & Other Fuels0. 00. 02. 92. 9 Education0. 0 0. 03. 23. 2 Recreation & Culture0. 0(0. 3)(5. 7)3. 1 Hotels, Cafes & Restaurants0. 0 0. 53. 83. 0 Transport0. 0 10. 04. 39. 5 Source Central Statistical Office. BIBLIOGRAPHY 1)Inflation, http//www. vision2020. info. tt/pdf/Statistics/inflation. pdf, cited onthirteenth March, 2010. 2)Monetary Inflation quantity theory, http//tutor2u. net/economics/content/topics/inflation/quantity_theory. tm, cited on 13th March, 2010 3)Milton Friedman, http//en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Milton_Friedman, cited on 13th March, 2010 4)Inflation and Monetary policy, http//www . economywatch. com/inflation/economy/monetary-policy. html, cited on 13th March, 2010 5) Monetary policy, http//www. central-bank. org. tt/monetary_policy/index. php, cited on 13th March, 2010 6)Economics a Students Guide, (fifth edition), by Beardshaw, Brewster, Cormack, Ross, pg 559-562. 7)The Basics Economics, by Tony Cleaver, pg 111-138 8)Economics, (11th edition), Lipsey and Crystal.

Scientific Management – Taylorism

Scientific Management is a managerial development speculation that was proposed by Frederick Winslow Taylor in the 1880s. It was designed to apply scientific methods to the management of hold organisations in order to improve economic skill and labour productivity. This theory is also well know as Taylorism and has had a significant impact in the history of organisational management. Scientific management has had many benefits in the work organisation such as the variation between workers and managers, increased efficiency in production and task specialisation.To some extent, this idea may still be relevant in some organisations save it is evident that the problems associated with this theory has led to the downfall of scientific management in todays service economy and further more has allowed for the introduction of improved managerial methods. The issues and disadvantages of scientific management will be further discussed and explained why it is no longer considered relevant in our modern day service economy. With the introduction of scientific management in the work organisation there has been a controversial debate over the changes that occur within the workplace.Do the disadvantages of scientific management theory outweigh the advantages? It is true that this method allows specific tasks to be assigned to specific workers according to their specialisation thence increase efficiency in productivity as well as a regimented system of work organisation and managerial practice (Aguiar, 2002, p. 239). However these changes have had a detrimental effect on the welf be of the workers due to the investigation of introducing new management procedures.Stress levels and insecurity of the workers were said to have increased as a result of redundancies, layoffs and health and synthetic rubber issues according to Aguiar (2002). There was also a change in work conditions that introduced the gender division of labour meaning that women were assigned with easier job s whereas men were assigned with the more heavy-duty (Aguiar, 2002, p. 246) jobs. Due to these new management strategies, labour intensification had been increased ultimately leading to an increase in workload and even more changes in work conditions.As a result of gender division, it was evident that there was a significant difference in wages for women and men. Men typically received a higher wage than women which unquestionably became an issue as men were less likely to experience changes in their assigned jobs, whereas women were more susceptible to these changes. Furthermore, not alone are womens wages lower than mens, this often ends in a gender clash as it leads to women feeling unmotivated and not up to standard. Not only has scientific management performd a negative gender division in work organisations, it has also created a less encouraging purlieu for workers.Although the principles of Taylorism have had a positive outcome on efficiency of production and productivity of workers, it has negatively impacted the workers as it has decreased job atonement thus increasing the repetitive nature of the workload. As workers are only required to specialise in one specific task, workers quickly become dissatisfied as the fundamental job requirements such as variety of skill, significance of tasks, independence and criticism are all missing.According to Gronroos (1994), it is due to the introduction of new engineering in the work organisation that prevents workers from experiencing considerable job satisfaction. This also results in a poor relationship between workers and customers, as the value of customer satisfaction is neglected and therefore competitive advantages are not achieved. In some work environments there were additional target-related pressures (Bain et al. , 2002, p. 182) where workers refused to work overtime or simply insisted on taking breaks between shifts.In some cases there would be workers that would feel the need to conform and not g ive into pressure to take breaks thus increasing stress levels and decrease in job satisfaction. Lastly, there is also the issue of Taylorism being easily distorted to exploit workers in a way that they are being controlled and treated as machines rather than human beings. This introduces the idea that this method of management can be seen as dehumanising to the worker. Taylor fails to recognise the importance of the wellbeing of workers in their work environment and rather focuses entirely on gaining maximum efficiency, productivity and profits.This raises conflicts with labour unions as they strongly believe that humans are unlike machines and cannot verify as machines do. Since workers are assigned to their specific task and that task only, they are unable to develop further skills and use their imagination and creativity to complete trustworthy tasks and this is due to a scientific approach in management. There are limited opportunities for workers to be able to express his or her creativity as to each one worker has a very well-determined task (Caldari, 2007, p. 73).Therefore the outcome of completing the required task will only result in maximum efficiency if they complete what they have been assigned to do but will be unable to develop mentally thus illustrating the concept of dehumanisation. Although the human mind is unendingly capable of storing new information such as certain routines and actions, the human brain and flexible production systems must exhibit the ability to change, evolve and create (Caldari, 2007, p. 74). Conclusively, it is evident that in some cases the scientific management approach is accepted by some work organisations.However, Taylors theory is flawed in a way that he has failed to account for the crucial factors relating to human welfare and focuses purely on maximisation in productivity, efficiency and profits. Although Taylors method was considered the machine toughie of organisation, and impacted management history in dramatic ways, his theory had also raised many controversial issues that must be considered prior to applying those theories in a predominant service economy. Scientific management may have had a positive impact in particular organisations but in todays society, this theory is no longer relevant in a predominantly service economy.

Final Project, Healthy Eating, Nutrition, and Exercise Plan Essay

In my prototypic report I indicated my time 42 years old, my load was 165 pounds and height 56. My daily cipher was riding bike between 6 to 8 miles a twenty-four hours for 3 days during the calendar week for a total of 350 minutes of physiologic Activity. Week one 3 day analysis for breakfast I had a cup of deep brown with flavored cream with sandwich or cereals, for lunch I had sandwich or re heating systemed pabulum from previous day, chomp I had wheat cake, fruits or chips and for dinner Latin viands, hamburger or pasta, dont drink soft drinks, tho drink Lipton Iced Tea and water. (Matta) (2012).Based on the first-class honours degree report I was everyplace in grains on veggies, fruits, dairy, protein foods, oils I was under empty large calories I was under with 280 calories, total calories average was 1785 billet and atomic number 11 was high on all 3 days. (SuperTracker) (n. d. ). subsequently the first report I seek to modified both(prenominal) eating ha bits measuring the amount of food cereal, pasta, rice and beans in cups, steaks and fish chop off in 4 ounces, drink more(prenominal) water and less(prenominal) alcoholic drinks and increase my daily arrange adding two days of walking 3 miles per day increasing my weekly Physical Activity to 630 minutes. Matta) (2013).The current report from January 2nd through January 4th, all the food groups where under my empty calories was overturn then the first one at 208 and my average total calories was lower at 1292 average per day but my sodium limit is still high. The result of this modification is my current weight at 155 pounds and drop from a 36 waist size to a 34. Based on Food Tracker my daily calorie limit allowance is 2400 and at least 150 minutes per week of physical activity. I am under the allowance of calories and over my physical activity per week. (SuperTracker) (n. d. ). final Project, Healthy Eating, Nutrition, and Exercise Plan After reviewing both analysis I necessi tate realized that my challenge is sodium, I dont do salt but some of the food I consume be high on sodium. cobalt State University indicates that sodium is found in most process foods to preserve or flavor them sodium has an important role maintaining water balance within the cells and in the function of both impulses and muscle but consuming excess sodium may lead to edema or water retention, high credit line jam and in Women may be at higher risk for developing osteoporosis even if atomic number 20 intake is adequate. Colorado State University) (n. d. ).In my family our medical history is high personal line of credit pressure my Mother, associate and I confound this condition. The Ameri buttocks Heart Association indicates that high blood pressure jakes be inherited by one of both parents if they have a history of the condition, advance age dejection develop a higher risk, gender related risk pattern, lack of physical activity, overweight, obesity, drinking to a great deal alcohol and Poor diet, especially one that includes too much salt other possible factors could be stress, smoking, second hand smoke and sleep apnea. (American Heart Association) (2012).The effects of having high blood pressure are, a dig it can ca habituate a break or weakened blood vessel which the caput can bleed, it is a major factor in total attacks the arteries brings oxygen-carrying blood to the heart muscle if the heart doesnt receive the proper oxygen, blood flow is blocked a heart attach can occur, Kidney damage in over time the high blood pressure can narrow or thicken the blood vessels of the Kidney this we result in filtering less fluids and waste build up in the blood the result can be dialysis or kidney transplant and Arteries, the arteries in the brain, heart and kidney hardens making all ternion to work harder. National Heart Lung and Blood Institute) (n. d. ). Final Project, Healthy Eating, Nutrition, and Exercise Plan I believe I have a good diet consum ing my total calories for day, the amount of food and crop but as mentioned before sodium is my challenge.My action mechanism plan will be related with sodium and how to affirm high blood pressure under control, the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute divulge me some tips on how to reduce sodium in my diet, buy fresh, plain frozen, or canned vegetable with no salt added, mapping fresh poultry, fish, and lean meat rather then canned or process types, use herbs, spices and salt-free seasoning blends in cooking, cut back in salad dressing, rinse can food such as tuna to remove sodium and choose ready to eat breakfast cereals lower in sodium. National Heart Lung and Blood Institute) (n. d. ).With these tips my action planned is to buy less process foods, use more white meat instead of red and consume it in small amounts, utilize less dressing or replace it with olive oil and balsamic vinegar in small amounts and consumed more salt free products for exercise my plan will be the same as I have in present time, I will ride my bike 3 days a week between 6 to 8 miles and walk 2 days a week 3 miles per day this plan will keep my body active and healthy. Matta) (2013), All action plans have their share of reversals some of the anticipated setbacks for both food and exercise for food is the amount of time that I have to go to the grocery store and buy the products mentioned above, I have a very active lifestyle family, work, study, and exercise time is very limited, this is why we go to a restaurant, buy process food or can food without reading the labels a plan that I will implement with my wife is to go the first day of the month and go to the grocery store and supply our self with the necessary healthy food for the entire month and go once a week to replenish anything that we need for exercise my setback is more the ability to keep motivated and time to overcome this my plan is to keep my envisage of my Final Project, Healthy Eating, Nutrition, and Exercise Plan Daughter and I in the door fridge when I was overweight, this picture is why I decided to do exercise, loose weight and keep it off. (Matta) (2013).One tool I learned from our class is Super Tracker since I learned about this site I have use it since and I will keep using it until I have to register again, Super Tracker gives me suggestion and nib the outcome of my action plan plus doing my yearly checkup with the Doctor for my high blood pressure and health. If I keep my action plan in tact the result will be a positive one healthy body and mind but If dont follow my action plan the health risk factor will be a negative one I can gain weight and high blood pressure which can create a stroke or heart attack or even worst death. (Matta) (2013). Colorado State University indicates as we age it is important to eat more calcium, iron protein Vitamins A, C and flacon reduce calories selected nutrient-dense foods and enjoy smaller portions of foods high in fat, scraping and sodium. (Colorado State University) (n. d. ).As I age I will follow my doctors instruction and ready myself and adjust based on the information provided eat smaller portion, use Vitamins and reduce any sugar and sodium from my diet, in regard of my exercise as I age my body will have less motion I will walk more a bike ride less, in Florida the 4 seasons are basically the same good weather but in summer the heat is overwhelming and it rains constantly this could alter my physical activity the option is to go to a gym or my YMCA to exercise indoors. (Matta) (2013). Conclusion our body is a perfect machine created to live, serve and reproduce in our world, we are responsible in taking care of it. We should always try our best to eat healthy and keep it fit so we can live a long, healthy and happy life.

Technicalities of Dance

Tonya Sok English 1304 Dr. Beaven 27 March 2013 Technicalities of trip the light fantastic toe Dance is a universal language that involves exaggerated move handsts of the arms, legs, and body. With the sound of music, trip the light fantastic toe is more than just a form of expression. It is a moving portrait embraced by the curtain frame. It is a masterpiece assembled by trickily maneuvered strokes. The strokes dont belong to that of the painter, but rather the educator who supervised the integration of music and dance. on that point it hangs on a stage like any other painting on a rampart a moving portrait.However, the galore(postnominal) stereotypes formed among the dancers have altered the way some view the performances of dance. particularly in the modern and ballet genres, while the dancers pour their heart and soul into the movework forcets, why does the audiences perspective flip-flop with a shift from female to male leads? What if the movements just did non meet our standards of liking or fail our taste? Do we enjoy the performance as a whole if there is angiotensin converting enzyme left over(p) flaw standing out? I explore the reasons as to why society judges the attributes of dance in such cases as mixed genders, their styles, and the unwillingness to accept it as a sport.The issues pertaining to gender should not matter in art. Men and women are free to express thoughts and ideas through paintings, and therefore some(prenominal) should be equally free to express themselves through dancing. In Negotiating the Gay Male Stereotype, Katherine M. Polasek believes cultures construct gender, the body, and movement, restricting both males and females from using and exploring their bodies in ways not deemed gender-appropriate (Page and fix how the quote flows with sentence). Some people ridicule males in ballet for wearing tights because it is too feminine.On the other hand, when comparing ballet to wrestling, swimming, or football the use of t ight pants or Speedos are considered as an attire requirement. Tights enable one to possess ease of movement and less drag friction. However, this does not correspond with sexual stereotypes targeting ballet because many other sports make use of similar tight-fit clothing. The gay stereotype in dance originates from the fact that men who take part in the form of art do not often present tilt with other men in fields of sturdy speed and strength.Unlike sports such as basketball, football, soccer, or wrestling, men in ballet are not often looked upon as masculine for their light leaps and smooth swaying movements. another(prenominal) reason why gay stereotypes exist within ballet would be because gay men in reality do ballet alongside women, and ballet still remains more popular among women than men during the twenty-first century. Due to the amount of stereotypical comments made about the male dancers, claims for athleticism and technique have been employ to downplay the perceived risk and denigration of being identified as homosexual, as well as to justify dancers virility and value.Do I need to include this? -Male dancers in school may use playacting sports to camouflage homosexuality (Hanna 223). Even though a male dancer is not gay, observers may sometimes perceive otherwise through movement analysis. For this reason, Polaseks literature (

Produce a clear understand of the Coca-Cola Company in Australia Essay

This report was written to satisfy the pass requirements of merchandise in Principles at Sydney Western International College. This study is aims to produce a clear understand of the coca- locoweed come with in Australia. The analysis of the coca inventiont-Coal society brings an overview of how does the guild has achieved its goals, their strategies and future growth. The investigation was likewise assay to find out how this closely populated Coca- sens products satisfied the customers and how they be different from other companies upon their marketplaceing strategies.In erect to achieve the objectives lit search was conducted by using websites, books, unexampledspaper articles and journals. These categories help to comp are the general marketing strategies with the Coca-Cola conjunction strategies. recyclable information visualises to marketing help us to study the environment of the company.The final outcome of the report was that they flip followed a complete the ory on marketing to achieve its goals. Even the company had to face for the scorn stage, the performance of the good management and advertising excessivelyls assist the agreement to win the market and avoid distractions. The biggest gainsay was been the Pepsi company which had a diametrical increase within a short time and populated in all over the world as Coca-Cola changing the whole marketing situation and attracting other companies consumers to their product. In conclusion this research was able to carry out current marketing situation, SWOT analysis, Issue Analysis, society objectives, Marketing Strategy, Action Programs and Controls of the Coca-Cola society.Strengths in Coca Cola Company (sponsorships)1. In August 1993, FIFA working in co-operation with The Coca-Cola Company introduced a ranking system for football (soccer) men senior national teams. The system makes it attainable to publish comparisons of the relevance strengths of internationalisticly active teams at regular intervals. Since its introduction, the FIFA/Coca-Cola Ranking has proved to be a reliable measure for comparing national A-teams.To ensure that the FIFA/Coca-Cola World Ranking always reflects the current status, FIFA in the first place evaluates matches played in the 12 months prior to the date on which it is issued. Performance over the former years is also taken into account, still. Basically, the score obtained from the current 12 months is added to that of the immediately preceding seven years with apiece previous year being devalued continually.The company help for sports it is a charity work2. sound eating, physical activitywhat promotes healthy bones in growing children and youth?According to a tenner of significant research, a combination of exercise and adequate calcium intake encourages good bone culture in adolescents and children. To absorb calcium properly, a child also needs sufficient Vitamin D.Some parents marvel if other food and b invariablyage in gredients could influence bone createment. Studies on phosphorous and caffeine both apply in small amounts in soft drinks have shown they have no significant effect on bone mass. The U.S. National Institutes of Health, as well as other sources, report no appreciable corporation mingled with these nutrients and an individuals calcium balance. This position counters a small body of work that has suggested associations between soft drink consumption and bone fractures in teen girls.The company help for childrens activities3. companionship worksSociety advances on the strength of community passel sharing their ideas and resources to reach common goals. We seek to strengthen local communities worldwide through our support for education, through partnerships with other organizations and through acts of citizenship by the people of Coca-Cola.We support education because of its power to expand opportunities for individuals and increase understanding between cultures. We partner with national and international organizations to alleviate economic disadvantage and help improve the tincture of life in local communities. together with our local bottling partners, we strengthen communities by giving with our hands and our hearts, as partners in the promise of a amend life. (Strength, 2004)Weaknesses in Coca Cola Company.The threat of Coca Cola Company is that as their business too much vast compare to this their branches all around the world are not enough. (Our company, 2004)Opportunities in Coca Cola CompanyIn regard to opportunities of Coca Cola Company are the western Philippines island of comrade wan, poverty-stricken children at rural schools have been known to account for edible plants to eat during recess.The Philippines Division of The Coca-Cola Company has launched a community initiative called NutriBreak to improve the daily nutrition intake of underprivileged children who attend micro inflammation Schoolhouses.Under the nutrition program, the gove rnments Food and Nutrition Research Institute and bedcover State University have partnered to develop a nutritious snack for the schoolchildren.The snack provides kids with the daily requirement of protein and carbohydrates and is served with our vitamin-fortified ogdoad Oclock orange juice drink, as a part of the Philippines Divisions alive(p) Lifestyle (AL) program.The Little Red Schoolhouse Project, the flagship program of The Coca-Cola Foundation Philippines, has already built fifty schoolhouses in the Philippines remote areas. The NutriBreak nutrition program forget ultimately reach all fifty Little Red SchoolhousesThey try to expand childrens charity works (our company 2003)THE COCA-COLA COMPANY INCREASES ANNUAL DIVIDEND BY 11 PERCENT40th Consecutive Annual IncreaseAtlanta, February 21, 2002 The Coca-Cola Companys Board of Directors to twenty-four hour period inform it has increased the quarterly dividend from 18 cents to 20 cents per common share, equivalent to an one- year dividend of 80 cents per share. This increase reflects the Companys significant free cash flow generation.This is the Companys 40th consecutive annual increase of its dividend. The dividend is payable April 1, 2002, to share owners of record as of March 15, 2002.They increased their board of directorsThreats in Coca Cola CompanyThe have only one company to challenge for their products it is Pepsi cola company. But how forever they have a complete control over it. (Threats, 2004)Action ProgramsAs for as new products are touch they are looking for health-conscious consumers should as consumers first look to nutrient-rich foods to obtain their daily nutrition. In this regard their Chef Barr Hogen is working out. (New releases, 2004)Four New Products, Super NutritionThe new Odwalla juice beverages blueberry bush Smoothie, Protein Tropic ale(tm), aflame C(tm) and Organic Orange Juice are available in 1.5 litre (50.8 fluid oz.) multi-serve recyclable-plastic bottles. blueberry bush Smoothie and Protein Tropic ale(tm) are also offered in a new 11 fluid oz. size of it bundled into handy 4-packs. Suggested retail price for the multi-serve and 4-packs are $3.99 each, providing an affordable price for such premium juice products. These new products will be stocked in the refrigerated juice case, making it convenient for consumers to find them in the store.Drink It and ThriveAt Odwalla, they chosen a variety of great-tasting and nutritious fruits, as well as other ingredients call super foods for these new juice beverages and Smoothie, are for healthiness and Wellness. As health-conscious consumers should first look to nutrient-rich foods to obtain their daily nutrition. Too often, consumers turn to pills and powders for what they think is an easy nutritional fix. Juices, however, are a convenient, flavourful and hydrating form of natural nutrition.Chef Hogens newest product recipes include a line-up of four delicious tasting products* Odwalla Blueberry Smoo thie is a blend of blueberries, blackberries and raspberries combined with oranges, apples and bananas to make a sweet and silky Smoothie. The bluesy blueberries boast a blow to free radicals, with a rhapsody of antioxidants and anthocyanins. This 100% fruit juice blend contains no added sweeteners.* Odwalla Protein Tropic ale is a tantalizing blend of tropical fruit juices and purees such as pineapple, mango and passionfruit, combined with 4 grams of soya bean protein per serving.* Odwalla Passionate C is a scrumptious sipper of orange, apple, mango, banana, strawberry, and acerola cherry (one of natures highest vitamin C-packed fruits) and passionfruit. Each vibrant 8 fluid oz. serving provides 470% of the Daily Value for vitamin C.* Odwalla Organic Orange Juice, made only from aware 100% organically grown oranges, underscores the companys commitment to sustainable agriculture and natural-resources conservation.The Coca-Cola Company objectivesMarketing ObjectivesThe company is use to provide and maintain a safe and healthy workplace for its employees, suppliers, contractors and customers. As the company is large it is hard to continue to grow at a steady space. The competition is higher than ever before. And the forthcoming competition and challenge for the company in the targeting markets leads them to be more accurate and more efficient. The company has faced for the big challenge with its main against competitor Pepsi. Since the time the company met this new competitor it has to flip-flop its strategies, directors, distribution methods and promotion system.As consumers are drinking more and more new beverages, coca-cola company plan to improve their products with respect to the prices. The following objectives have been taken into consideration (Coca-ColaCCA, 2003)Market Place* Improve the quality of the product and deliver that quality without any changes to every market place.* Gain the success of suppliers, distributors and retailers who connected with the coca-cola network.* show more jobs, facilities, and marketing in the local market as well as in the worldwide market.* Reduce the price but remain the quality of product or increase the quality of the product.* pattern in the products they offer, the process they use to make them, the package they develop and ways they bring them to the market will change to a proper way and increase the efficiency,. The delivery system will faster than ever before.Work Place* Improve the safety of the work place.* Make it as the most diverse organization on the earth, with talented employees who bring a variety of intellectual, professional, ethnic and cultural perspectives to the company.* Make the policies to foster an inclusive environment that encourages all employees to develop and perform to their fullest potential.Consumer Needs* Improve the tasty and provide more well beverages than today.* Offer a valuable price, which satisfied the customer.* Readily available in every time i n the market place, especially where in places that the product is well consumed.* Fulfil the consumers expectation in commit to satisfy the consumers and win the market place.*Growth Drivers, which company targeting on, are-Profitable win generation-Cost reduction-Customer attend improvement-Capital Management-The Coca-Cola company relationshipFinancial ObjectivesThe company is now focusing on the earning per share. They are expecting to increase the earning per share from 12% to 15%. Also expect to increase the net profit from 10% to 15% and return on capital employed growth from 1pt to 1.5pts. The changes of financial performance over the previous years indicate the future growth of the company (Refer Appendix- A and B and C).Current Marketing item? Market SituationThe company has a strong place in the market. The head of the marketing Mr. Sergio Zyman develop the company strategies to promote their product more efficiently than other competitors. From the whole beverage the Coca-Cola Company has achieved market more than 78%. With its indulgency, the company has the dress hat selling and quality assurance comparing to other beverages.? usefulness SituationThe company performs a standard delivery service, which runs on time basis. Services are open up into every state including NSW, Victoria, Perth, and Queensland. High quality service guarantees that the company product exists in the market discover than before. Marketing executives of the company always capable and available to help for their customers and resellers. The company well conducted with their wholesalers and retailers in order to encourage them and to be with them. Attract to another competitor is neglected upon this situation.? Distribution SituationThe company has the best selling images. It reserves more on advertising and its been useful and beneficial to increase their profit and production. Introductions like fast-lane merchandisers are continually increase each period. Agreement s with colleges, universities and other public and private sectors help them to declare their product in one whole market and avoid entering of other competitors. (Schermehorn etal, 2004 p 46) destructionFrom all above facts and figure of the company. The strength of the company more than the weakness and likewise opportunities with compare to threats it concludes that company has strong swot analysis, which is a positive sign. As for as Current Marketing Situation is concerned with respect to market situation, service situation and distribution situation is much better than its competitors (Pepsi). The company is dedicated to provide and maintain a safe and healthy workplace for its employees, suppliers, contractors and customers the coca cola company also have many campaigns in markets. Financial Objectives the Coca-Cola Company objectives are increasing day by day which shows that company will increase its sale ratio annually from 11% of the previous year to 20% in next coming 5 years.Appendix AAppendix BAppendix CKEY FINANCIALS2003200220012000Change in 2000-2003Revenue ($ million)1,882.91,776.81,675.11,558.1+6.5%Volume (million unit cases)301.2285.8275.1263.3+4.6%Revenue per Unit Case ($)6.256.226.095.92+1.8%EBIT ($ million)377.7317.0288.9272.0+11.6%EBIT edge (%)20.117.817.217.5Capex to Revenue (%)5.21.73.54.8Reference ListCoca-ColaCCA, 2003 the CCA World online http//www.coca colacca .com _20020301 .html (Accessed 29-04-04)My company, 2003 The Coca Cola Company online http//www2.coca-cola.com/ourcompany/whatsnew_20030404 .html 24.2KB in 1, Coca 1, Cola 1, Company 1, opportunities in. 25 (Accessed 29-04-04)New releases, 2004 The Coca Cola Company online http//www2cocacolacom/pre sscenter/nr_20030204_odwalla_new_juices.html (Accessed 15-05-04)Our Company, 2004 The Coca Cola Company online http//www2.coca-cola.com/ourcompany/whatsnew_20020301 .html 23.5KB in 1, Coca 1, Cola 1, Company 1, weaknesses in. 23 (Accessed 29-04-04)Schermehorn etal, 2004 p46. Marketing Strategies Ed 4 New York (29-04-04)Threats, 2004 The Coca Cola Company online http//www2.coca cola.com /our company/whatsnew_20020301.html 23.5KB in 1, Coca 1, Cola 1, Company 1, weaknesses in. 23(Accessed 05-05-04)

Dissertation on Teamwork and Customer Service Quality Essay

1.0 launchThis chapter includes the background of the try out, statement of the problem, purpose of the study, objectives of the study, interrogation questions, and scope of the study, signifi lavce of the study, limitations of the study and operational definition of terms.1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE scanPhil (2002) police squad charming is a group of hatful who work together towards a sh atomic number 18d and thinkingful out recognizes in ways that combine their case-by-case skills and abilities and for which they argon any(a) answerable. He added that a real aggroup does not just happen just now an face has to work at it, spend a penny it, maintain and stick up it for the ontogenesis and provision of character reference standards and expectations to the nodes. Organizations collect teamwork in rules of order to promote innovation and synergy, mitigate their goal pass onment, promote professional development of team members, achieve time reduction targets and get cr oss-boundary ownership of tasks and problems.Ronald (2004) argues that client receipts depends on the expectations of the psyche customer. However, all attempts to make up ones mind customer service tend to stress on the relationships at the buyer/seller interface. He hike up added that to achieve the customer service levels expected, an governing body take up to cover that for severally of these two categories the systems, measurements and the people atomic number 18 in place to respond to each customer group or market. Juran (2000) says that part is the degree of virtue that is fitness for the purpose. It can also mean the degree in which customer requirements are met. Quality is built at e rattling stage and teams solve problems where everyone is responsible for the calibre of the harvesting.A customer is a soul or an administration that buys goods or services from the shop, business, etc on a regular basis. Woods et al (2001) ramble that customer service refere nce as the satisfaction of the agree customer requirements. This means that the total customer service quality is the mobilization of the whole organization to achieve quality, continuously and economically.National curriculum maturement Centre is an arm of the Ministry of Education and sports responsible for the Inter-alia development of curricula and related materials for various levels of education. The National curriculum growth Centre was nominateed by NCDC act chapter 135, laws of Uganda Revised Edition 2000 whose history is decree No 7 of 1973.Baale(2010) a curriculum specialist in math for secondary at NCDC, team working is very crucial in the development and brushup of curriculum that result into the satisfaction of parents, stakeholders, learners, teachers and the general public. He emphatic that team work cannot be avoided when developing curriculum as it includes a panel composed of members from diametrical areas such as subject specialists, practicing teachers, te achers associations, UNEB representative, ESA representative, teacher trainers especially from some Universities and employers or parents.Team work comes when a subject curriculum is world unquestionable. In this case a panel of 18 members from various institutions sits and develops the curriculum. service line survey is conducted from parents, teachers and sometimes from learners which result into child based curriculum. Then pilot study of selected teachers from few schools is do and cluster meetings held by teachers who carried out pilot study. The education system preparation trains all teachers about the developed curriculum and NCDC specifies instructional materials to the ministry of education that are purchased and sent to schools where instruction execution starts. In a flow of 5- 10 years the developed curriculum is supposed to be reviewed.Enyutu (2005) stated that available test results from a tolerant variety of sources had demonstrated prior to the curriculum revi ew that a majority of Ugandan children entering patriarchal school were failing to achieve adequate literacy and numeric standards. Dropout rates were high with only 22% of the 1997 P1 age bracket progressing through to P7 in 2003. NAPE test results in 2003 indicated that only approximately 20% of P6 students achieved basic standards of literacy. The gang of these two pieces of in beation suggested that of the 1997 P1 entry cohort, only 4-5% achieved basic literacy. NAPE testing also revealed very whopping and unacceptable regional distinguishableials particularly between Kampala and the north of Uganda. Bearing in mind the wide efforts and the substantial investments in main(a) education made by the government of Uganda with strong support from its development partners over the past 10 -15 years, these outcomes were disappointing.In all cases the proposals in these related areas have been discussed with senior ply in the Ministry of education and sports departments concerned and with the agencies and development partners directly involved in primary education in Uganda and there has been a very large measure of agreement on the way ahead. Neverthe little, the primary review team did conclude that there were significant flaws in the current primary curriculum and a nonstarter to provide both sufficient time and an adequate syllabus concentration on the achievement of betimes literacy and numeracy in lower primary grades was by far the most significant problem that needed to be addressed.Failure to achieve basic literacy and numeracy in any language in lower primary grades unavoidably has a devastating electrical shock on educational quality and student performance in all other subjects. Failure to achieve early literacy was clearly the issue of greatest concern to parents and the wider community that emerged from the primary curriculum review research. It was also perceived to be one of the major causes of drop- outs. National Curriculum instruct ion Centre seems to be apply teamwork when executing its functions. It is against this ground that the detective get out investigate how teamwork at NCDC meets customer requirements.1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEMMany organizations are focusing on teamwork as a measure to improve the quality of their services delivered through brainstorming, innovation and creativity. Amidst these efforts results are not achieved due to poor coordination, lack of commitment by top management and limited funds. To address these short comings of teamwork visa-a-vie customer service quality in non profit making institutions one needs to access the level of elaboration of all stakeholders in order to achieve overall performance levels (Tony 2005).NAPE (2003) report shows poor performance of children in literacy and numeracy skills in both local languages or in English due to insufficient orientation, training and support provided to teachers before the implementation of the curriculum. School supervis ion by the district inspectorate outside urban areas was almost everywhere insufficient to ensure good school management, the effective delivery of curriculum and regular teacher attendance.Therefore it is the interest of the researcher to know whether customer service quality is achieved through teamwork.1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDYThe purpose of the study will be to get wind the impact of team work on customer service quality using National Curriculum Development Centre find at Kyambogo as a case study.1.4 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDYThe research objectives will bei. To find out the benefits of using team work in organizations ii. To examine the appropriate team work techniques used in organizations to achieve customer service quality iii. To establish the level of customer service quality at National curriculum Development Centre1.5 enquiry QUESTIONSi. Are there benefits of team work gained by National curriculum Development Centre? ii. What team work techniques does National curriculum Development Centre use to achieve customer service quality? iii. What is the level of customer service quality at National curriculum Development Centre?1.6 field OF THE STUDYThe scope of the study will cover the subject, time, geographical and sample scope.1.6.1 The subject chainThe research will be limited to the impact of team work on one hand as the independent variable and customer service quality as the dependent variable. It will also focus on the achievements of team work at NCDC towards the development of curriculum for educational institutions in the country.1.6.2 The Geographical ScopeThe study will be carried out at National Curriculum Development Centre which is located at Kyambogo near Banda Trading centre off Kampala-Jinja road. NCDC will be an ideal case study because its core values include Respect and Team work, availability of well documented data, commitment to quality and Excellence.1.6.3 The Time ScopeThe study will consider an operational time frame of a pe riod of 2 years i.e. from the year 2010 to date.1.7 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDYThe study is expected to be beneficial in the following waysi. The study guides planners and policy makers in making factual decisions on serving customers which ensures that all the customers, shareholders and management needs are met satisfactorily.ii. To the academicians, this research gives recommendations for prospective research and may act as a reference for the wide world regarding contributions of team work on performance of organizations.iii. The study helps the government and customers to learn how team working at NCDC develop curriculum that is relevant to the future career of the learners.1.8 OPERATIONAL interpretation OF TERMSTeam work is working together towards a divided and meaningful out come in ways that combine their individual skills and abilities and for which they are all responsible.Customer service is the satisfaction of hold customer requirements.Quality is the degree of exce llence that is the extent to which something is fit for its purpose.CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW2.0 INTRODUCTIONThis chapter consists of what other people have said about the researched problem. The researcher therefore reviews some of the related literary works for the better insight of the problem. The chapter includes definition of severalize terms, impact of team work on customer service quality, benefits of team work in organizations, team work techniques and the level of customer service quality.2.1 DEFINITION OF chance upon TERMSTeam work is a group of people who work together towards a shared and meaningful out come in ways that combine their individual skills and abilities and for which they are all responsible Phil (2002) .He added that real team does not just happen but an organization has to work at it, create it, maintain and sustain it for the development and provision of quality standards and expectations to customers.Ronald (2004) argues that customer service dep ends on the expectations of each individual customer. However, all attempts to define customer service tend to focus on the relationships at the buyer/seller interface. He further added that to achieve customer service levels expected an organization need to ensure that for each of these categories the systems, measurement and people are in place to respond to each customer group or market.Michael (1999) stated quality as satisfying customers and stakeholders needs by means of sufficient mutually agreed deliverables that ,meet all the agreed requirements and itemations every time, on time and in affordable manner. It can also mean meeting the requirements of the deliverables that satisfy the needs which have been identified and agreed upon by customers, stakeholders and contractors.2.2 IMPACT OF TEAM wrick ON CUSTOMER SERVICE QUALITYAccording to Baguley (2002), team work has a great impact on customer service quality. He raised the following pointsEfficiency Team working is cruci al if people are to continue to be efficient members of the organization. Efficiency is whereby employees performance is improved up to the standards of the organizational goals. Team working helps employees to achieve maximum efficiency in their current jobs. It also helps the organization to meet its targets for developing and keeping people with the right skills to meet future needs. It applies to all levels of employees in an organization that is the strategic level, tactical level and operational level.Improved customer service Team working involves different members of the organization working together and combine their individual skills and abilities to come up with something that is either a mathematical product or a service that will be highly accepted by the customers (Baguley, 2002).Innovation and creativity Sometimes teams of employees work together to develop new products or services through contributing and combining their different ideas and skills. This helps orga nizations to have new services for customers that eventually improve on its performance and create and sustain customers (Baguley, 2002).Allan Woods et al (2001) stated that team working requires meetings of teams, sections or departments to understand clearly who does what and ensure reliableness which is the single most important aspect of delivering outstanding customer service. The teams organize themselves to take the advantage of the individual skills team members tot up with them, work together as a group in ways that bring out the best results and every member of the team must be accountable to each other for the success of the whole team. Team working makes it possible to define and insist upon the maintenance of the standards on behalf of the customers and clients as most of the times customers do not specify their needs by referring to the teams attitudes or reliability standards but complain bitterly when the team falls below their perceived standards.Michiel and Harold (1997) observed that cross functional teams are used in new product development to shorten development cycle times, improve quality and reduce development costs. These goals are attained because the functional areas perform their tasks in groups rather than each functional area performing its task and passing the project off to the next functional area and the key functional groups usually design engineering, manufacturing, quality assurance, purchasing and marketing work on the new product and development simultaneously.Baguley (2002) said that team working involves integrating individual skills like problem solving, communication, inter personal skills, decision-making and functional skills for the desired out comes. He further added that a good executive team provides a model for everybody in the organization that encourages cooperation and commonality of purpose at all levels of the organization. An assembly team, erection team, simple machine shop team add value by creating tangible out comes or products which are particular(prenominal) and clearly defined by others and such products meet the expectations of customers.Bradfield et al (1998) are of the view that direct aspiration is one of the factors that make companies form development teams. They further stated that to be effective, production has to provide a means by which an organization can focus its resources to meet the needs of their chosen customers efficiently. First it is important to know where you are starting from, second is the decision on where you wish to go in future and the outcome should be a commitment by the organization to a deliberate policy on which customers to serve with products or offerings.Woods et al (2001) further observed that the essence of team working skills lies in good communication and open approach to people and ideas and that all communication skills should be used in promoting good customer service. They also noted that for any organization to meet the needs of customers there is need for team work to obtain feedback from customers and colleagues (both within and outside the organization) as well as about the need to establish planning cycles. Each cycle of planning and doing should therefore reduce the amount of uncertainties being face up and obtain feedback not simply from planning but by doing.Adair (1990) argues that innovation calls for a special form of creativity which he called team creativity. He said that all organizations are teams or at to the lowest degree they are potentially so. For effective production and marketing of goods and services these days, delivery on time, at the need quality and at a competitive price calls for a high performance team work. scarcely to improve these existing products or to develop new products and services requires a different order of teamwork (team creativity).Organizations that blueprint team creativity will survive and prosper while those that do not will come down and disappear. All employees need to participate as each person at work has approximately 10,000 billion brain cells, together with a full range of mental faculties, analyzing, synthesizing and valuing abilities. In all of us these processes can take place intentionally on a conscious plane of thought and also less intentionally in our un conscious minds, giving us insights, intuitions, brain waves, gut feelings, intimations and the occasional pear of a genuinely new idea.As a general principle people with a hands- on involvement in any product or service providing they have a modicum of interest in their work will tend to have new ideas for doing it better. The important thing from the motivational perspective is the feeling of being really part of the enterprise with a full share of responsibility in developing the quality of the product or service.Developing a quality team takes hard work because development of team skills, time and patience is not something you can decide to have one day, the n achieve overnight. The entire organization is part of the same team working toward meeting the requirements of its customers. Whether management, front line or merchant ship the scenes employees, everyones work contributes to the end result. There are also specific work unit teams (departmental) with specific goals and assignments.Teams working together can and should be responsible for identifying problems not previously recognized finding the foot causes of problems suggesting who should work on problems solving manpower assignments and scheduling improvements and providing communication throughout the organization. To be effective, teams in the piece of work must develop standards and skills, and then implement ongoing training and coaching to ensure they are regulate into practice (Anand, 1997).